Much has been said about the unjust words of the National Remembrance Institute and inspections in general. O babraniu in folders " a "vision of the world from the perspective of SB", etc. Somehow I do not surprise me that the biggest meet Brief attacks by those who have the most cause for concern. After that fairly easily passes on to the agenda, the fact that in addition to the disclosure of agents, and mechanisms of violence and communist communist state in general, the process of penetration of the archives reveals the non-conformist attitude, and even heroic. Pointed this out already, Fr. Isakowicz-Tadeusz Zaleski, who in his book devoted a lot of priests who resisted attempts to recruit, as well as those who were able to work to break up. The book "Priests to the security" is dedicated to "the priests and laity, the forgotten heroes of the struggle against the communist system."
Another publication moving almost in its entirety is this aspect of the disclosure of the archives of the IPN is the July number of the Bulletin of the Institute of National Remembrance the significant title "They refused to secret police ' . Bulletin of the John M. opens the conversation with Wojciech Frazikiem Rumana and Philip had given to security apparatus, the manner of recruitment agents and capabilities to resist the same to, and what it was carrying with him the risk across the entire history of communist regime.
agencies actually start IIRP dates back to when the CPP was not so much a secret agency of the USSR, as a public branch of the Kremlin, and among the first victims of the officers refused to cooperate were murdered, among others. in Katyn.
Immediately after the war effort of the repressive apparatus guided by the strengthening of the communist regime, which zasadzała exclusively on Soviet bayonets and bezpieczniackich a trace which enjoyed the backing of society. Which is directly subject to the authority of the representatives of the Kremlin, and they were personally loyal Soviet agents, or even the Soviets were seconded to the Polish. Agency was used primarily to destroy the underground, and all manifestations of anti-independence activities. After 1947 he intensified operations against the Catholic Church.
In the case of non-cooperation was the most difficult persons placed in prisons and detention centers - can be brutal during the investigation, long-term prison or death sentence. The security apparatus did not make out the documentation on the candidates to collaborators, so there is no direct information about the scale of refusals to cooperate. It happened that after release from prison those who agreed to cooperate did not take it, avoid contact, or changing the environment, to cease to be potentially useful for the police. Undoubtedly, the Stalin era were the hardest, but the denial or termination of cooperation, though perhaps infrequent, there have been and in some cases preserved documentation direct or indirect.
In later years, was threatened with a refusal to cooperate is not quite as serious consequences, and since the publication of guidance on how to behave in a case heard by the SB, or attempts to recruit more widespread was the knowledge of how to defend yourself from him, even though the risk has always existed as evidenced by even so. The Commission's report Rokita. Anyway with time decreased the amount of agents blackmailed, and increased purchases. It is increasingly rare for non-cooperation threatened sanctions, and increasingly it easier to take his career. Refusal to cooperate could mean for example, not getting a passport, but it helped take a mediocre writers, scientists, and directors.
Below are some brief information about people described in the July bulletin of the IPN.
Prot Komornicki Felix (1906 - 1981). Soldier of September, in December 1939 joined the conspiracy. After the war, arrested and released. Attempts to recruit twice - 1949 and 1952. Twice he refused, "regardless of the consequences," "will sit and will not work" - from surviving notes, UB.
Serwański Edward (1912-1981). Officer ZWZ-AK, a member of the "Fatherland", "Grey Ranks", a participant of the Warsaw Uprising. Imprisoned in the years 1948-1951. Repeated attempts to recruit during a brutal interrogation, and after his release have failed. Observed, under surveillance and harassed by security forces for many years.
Fr. John Wojcik (1911-1954). During the occupation, supported the guerrillas, helped the Jews, perhaps he was also involved after 1944. Arrested and convicted for alleged economic crimes resisted attempts to recruit ("I'd rather serve a second sentence, than to be informer UB), which if it was to ensure his freedom. The prison has deteriorated the health of Fr. Wojcik, died three weeks after leaving prison.
Potyra Adam (1922-2003). Soldier ZWZ-AK. Arrested and sentenced in 1945. Released under an amnesty. Under surveillance for many years. Recruited refused to cooperate. Only at the beginning of the nineties revealed the records kept by the Army during the war.
Kazimierz Heller. Pre-war activist national-radical, the occupation he spent in Siberia and the Volga, returned to Polish in 1946. Recruited in 1950 and 1953. In 1953, he signed an undertaking to cooperate, but tore them, and cooperation refused. Gained a reputation as a religious fanatic, he was under surveillance for several consecutive years.
Fr. John Kopytko . Collected information about him when he was a seminarian at the seminary trying to find some "hooks". When you try to recruit during the winter break in 1971 SBeka threw out the door.
Strzyżewski Thomas, called the Polish Mitrokhin. As a rebellious youth, Catholicism became an atheist family, ZMSowcem, and later a member of the Party. Somewhat accidentally went to the Academy GUKPPiW delegation, which was censor. During the night roster and transcribed "Book of records and recommendations GUKPPiW" and other documents censorship. In 1977 he went to Sweden, taking away their archive (dekonspiracja certainly mean the process of spying.) Precious materials showed no special interest or RWE, nor Paris culture. At the end of the fragments were published by the NEW and then by the "Annex". It was a veritable bomb. Strzyżewskiego fates were not pink. He had to endure all sorts of humiliation, being accused of agenturalność and operation from a desire to profit (Koraszewskiego shameful role of Andrew, who was trying to verify the truthfulness Strzyżewskiego call to the Academy of censorship and ambiguous attitude Eugeniusz Smolar the Strzyżewskiego).
Edward Lesniak - technical editor of the Mark. Ropracowywany in the years 1977-1987. There have been attempts to bring forced official contacts (summonses) in an unofficial path. Lesniak was aware to which they aspire SBecy and consistently refused all unofficial contacts.
Fr. Danach Joseph and Fr. Oscar Thomas . Both were active in the Chaplaincy Academic. Provided for them to recruit in 1978. Under the pretext of a passport application attempted carry out interviews with Fr. Danach. After each such attempt, Fr. Danach extensively about this was telling, as officers arrived to back SB. When you tried to interview Fr. Thomas in his apartment unannounced also appeared Fr. Danach. In this way, through the broadcast of the attempts to contact SB paralyzed, they try to recruit.
Fr. Chojnacki Adolf (1932-2001). He was blacklisted D Department to combat particularly troublesome priests. Division D with all the methods he used to undermine the authority and intimidation of priests. Consisted They szkalowaniu, spread rumors of immoral conduct in children, mental illness, alcoholism, etc. If it has not shown the effects of cars destroyed, knocking out windows, truto dogs. The next step were the beatings and murder. Also blocked by embracing the parish, trips abroad, etc. for his activities as a preacher and a priest supporting incarcerated and persecuted met Fr. Chojnacki numerous harassment of those listed above. The communist regime has never been a parish priest.
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